{"id":339,"date":"2020-11-02T22:24:34","date_gmt":"2020-11-03T02:24:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/?page_id=339"},"modified":"2020-11-02T22:24:34","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T02:24:34","slug":"arrays","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/cplusplus-tutorial\/compound-data\/arrays","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u7ec4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

3.1 \u6570\u7ec4 \uff08Arrays\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u7ec4(Arrays) \u662f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u540c\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff08index\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u67095\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u6570\u503c\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e495\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4(array)\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd95\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6574\u578b\uff08int\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a85\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u53eb\u505abilly\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u6846\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u503c\u3002\u767d\u6846\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b570 \u52304 \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15(index)\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u65e0\u8bba\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u603b\u662f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u540c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c \u6570\u7ec4\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

type name [elements];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u91cctype \u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b(object type)\uff0c\u5982 int, float…\u7b49\uff0cname \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u8bc6(identifier)\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7[]\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\u7684elements \u57df\u6307\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u9762\u56fe\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684 billy \u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int billy [5];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5907\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7[]\u4e2d\u7684elements \u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e00\u5757\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u7ed9\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4(Initializing arrays)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff08\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5185\uff09\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6211\u4eec\u7279\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6570\u7ec4\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5728\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u4e3a0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int billy [5];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u90a3\u4e48billy \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4ed8\u7ed9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7{ }\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int billy [5] = { 16, 2, 77, 40, 12071 };<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u503c\u4e2a\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[ ]\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u7b26\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6570\u7ec4billy \u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u540e\u9762\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e5f\u67095\u4e2a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64C++\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6570\u7ec4[ ]\u4e2d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5c06\u6709\u540e\u9762\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7{}\u4e2d\u6570\u503c\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int billy [] = { 16, 2, 77, 40, 12071 };<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b58\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6570\u503c\uff08Access to the values of an Array\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u7ec4\u4efb\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u5176\u4ed6\u666e\u901a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

name[index]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4billy \u67095\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u6574\u578bint\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u6570\u503c75\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u7ec4billy \u4e2d\u7b2c3\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

billy[2] = 75;<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c8\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u6570\u7ec4billy \u4e2d\u7b2c3\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cfa\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a = billy[2];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0fbilly[2]\u5c31\u50cf\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u6574\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong>\u6570\u7ec4billy \u7684\u7b2c3\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3abilly[2]\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15(index)\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662fbilly[0]\uff0c\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662fbilly[1]\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7b2c3\u4e2a\u662f billy[2]\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662fbilly[4]\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5199billy[5]\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528billy\u7684\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u8d85\u51fa\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728C++ \u4e2d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\u7684index\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u5bdf\u89c9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u8fd0\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\u7684index \u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u540e\u9762\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u9488(pointer)\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[ ]\u5728\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6307\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u53f7(index)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002int billy[5]; \/\/ \u58f0\u660e\u65b0\u6570\u7ec4(\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u5f00\u5934)
billy[2] = 75; \/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5b83\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1abilly[0] = a; \/\/ a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u53d8\u91cf
billy[a] = 75;
b = billy [a+2];
billy[billy[a]] = billy[2] + 5;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/\/ arrays example
#include <iostream.h>

int billy [ ] = {16, 2, 77, 40, 12071};
int n, result=0;

int main () {
for ( n=0 ; n<5 ; n++ ) {
result += billy[n];
}

cout << result;
return 0;
}<\/td>		12206<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff08Multidimensional Arrays\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4(Multidimensional Arrays)\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a2\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4(bidimensional array)\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u76842\u7ef4\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

jimmy \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u578b(int )\u76843×5\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int jimmy [3][5];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7b2c2\u5217\u7b2c4\u6392\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1ajimmy[1][3]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

(\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u603b\u662f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4(Multidimensional arrays)\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e2\u7ef4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u7ef4\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u9700\u89813\u7ef4\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7ef4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

char century [100][365][24][60][60];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u79d2\u8d4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26(char)\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u4e8e30\u4ebf\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff01\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u80173000M\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5404\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int jimmy [3][5];<\/strong> \u6548\u679c\u4e0a\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e
int jimmy [15];<\/strong> (3 * 5 = 15)<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e24\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u75282\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u90fd\u83b7\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u90fd\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\u53eb\u505ajimmy\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u670915\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u90fd\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u540e\u9762\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/\/ multidimensional array
#include <iostream.h>
#define WIDTH 5
#define HEIGHT 3

int jimmy [HEIGHT][WIDTH];
int n,m;

int main (){
for (n=0; n<HEIGHT; n++) {
for (m=0; m<WIDTH; m++)
jimmy[n][m]=(n+1)*(m+1);
}

return 0;
}<\/td>		\/\/ pseudo-multidimensional array
#include <iostream.h>
#define WIDTH 5
#define HEIGHT 3

int jimmy [HEIGHT * WIDTH];
int n,m;

int main (){
for (n=0; n<HEIGHT; n++){
for (m=0; m<WIDTH; m++)
jimmy[n * WIDTH + m]=(n+1)*(m+1);
}
return 0;
}<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4e0d\u5411\u5c4f\u5e55\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5411\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u53eb\u505ajimmy\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u5b58\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u6570\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e86\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e38\u91cf(#define)\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7eb5\u5411\u75313\u6269\u5927\u52304\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#define HEIGHT 3<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a \uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#define HEIGHT 4<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4f5c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570\uff08Arrays as parameters\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5728C++ \u4e2d\u5c06\u4e00\u6574\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6574\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f20\u9012\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f20\u9012\u5730\u5740\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6307\u660e\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u540e\u9762\u518d\u8ddf\u4e00\u5bf9\u7a7a\u62ec\u53f7[]\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

void procedure (int arg[])<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505aarg\u7684\u6574\u578b\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

int myarray [40];<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u5199\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

procedure (myarray);<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/\/ arrays as parameters
#include <iostream.h>

void printarray (int arg[ ], int length) {
for (int n=0; n<length; n++) {
cout << arg[n] << ” “;
}
cout << “\\n”;
}

int main () {
int firstarray[ ] = {5, 10, 15};
int secondarray[ ] = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
printarray (firstarray,3);
printarray (secondarray,5);
return 0;
}<\/td>		5 10 15
2 4 6 8 10<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570(int arg[ ])\u63a5\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u6574\u578b\u6570\u7ec4\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e86\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u544a\u77e5\u51fd\u6570\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u6570\u7ec4\u5185\u5bb9\u7684for \u5faa\u73af\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a3\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4 (tridimensional array) \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

base_type[ ][depth][depth]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u542b\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

void procedure (int myarray[ ][3][4])<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bf9\u62ec\u53f7[ ]\u4e2d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u9762\u4e24\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u8fd8\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u521d\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u9605\u8bfb\u7ae0\u82823.3, \u6307\u9488(Pointers)\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u7ec4(arrays)\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

3.1 \u6570\u7ec4 \uff08Arrays\uff09 \u6570\u7ec4(Arrays) \u662f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u540c\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6570\u7ec4\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff08index\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u67095\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u6570\u503c\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e495\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4(array)\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd95\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6574\u578b\uff08int\uff09\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a85\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u53eb\u505abilly\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff1a \u8fd9\u91cc\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u6846\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u503c\u3002\u767d\u6846\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b570 \u52304 \u4ee3\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15(index)\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u65e0\u8bba\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u603b\u662f\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002 \u540c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c \u6570\u7ec4\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e\u663e\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a type name [elements]; \u8fd9\u91cctype \u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b(object type)\uff0c\u5982 int, float…\u7b49\uff0cname \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u8bc6(identifier)\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7[]\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\u7684elements \u57df\u6307\u660e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u9762\u56fe\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684 billy \u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff1a int billy [5]; \u5907\u6ce8\uff1a\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7[]\u4e2d\u7684elements \u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e00\u5757\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u7ed9\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4(Initializing arrays) \u5f53\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff08\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5185\uff09\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6211\u4eec\u7279\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6570\u7ec4\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6570\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e4b\u524d\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u7ec4\uff08\u5728\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u5916\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u4e3a0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 \uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5168\u5c40\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\uff1a int billy [5]; \u90a3\u4e48billy \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0: \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4ed8\u7ed9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7{ }\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a int billy [5] = { 16, 2, 77, 40, 12071 }; \u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a \u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u503c\u4e2a\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":335,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/339"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=339"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/339\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":340,"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/339\/revisions\/340"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.prglab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}